NEW ORLEANS—Permafrost in the Arctic is thawing at a faster clip, according to a new report released on Tuesday.
Water is also warming and sea ice is melting at the fastest pace in 1,500 years at the top of the world.
The annual report released on Tuesday by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) showed slightly less warming in many measurements than a record hot 2016. But scientists remain concerned because the far northern region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe and has reached a level of warming that’s unprecedented in modern times.
“[The year] 2017 continued to show us we are on this deepening trend, where the Arctic is a very different place than it was even a decade ago,” said Jeremy Mathis, head of NOAA’s Arctic research program and co-author of the 93-page report.
Findings were discussed at the American Geophysical Union meeting in New Orleans.
“What happens in the Arctic doesn’t stay in the Arctic; it affects the rest of the planet,” NOAA Acting Chief Timothy Gallaudet said. “The Arctic has huge influence on the world at large.”
Permafrost is the permanently frozen layer below the Earth’s surface in frigid areas. Records show the frozen ground that many buildings, roads and pipelines are built on reached record warm temperatures last year nearing and sometimes exceeding the thawing point. That could make them vulnerable when the ground melts and shifts, the report said. Unlike other readings, permafrost data tend to lag a year.
Preliminary reports from the United States and Canada in 2017 showed permafrost temperatures are “again the warmest for all sites” measured in North America, said study coauthor Vladimir Romanovsky, a professor at the University of Alaska in Fairbanks.
Arctic sea ice usually shrinks in September and this year it was only the eighth lowest on record for the melting season. But scientists said they were most concerned about what happens in the winter—especially March—when sea ice is supposed to be building to its highest levels.
Arctic winter sea ice maximum levels in 2017 were the smallest they’ve ever been for the season when ice normally grows. It was the third straight year of record low winter sea-ice recovery. Records go back to 1979.
About 79 percent of the Arctic sea ice is thin and only a year old. In 1985 45 percent of the sea ice in the Arctic was thick, older ice, NOAA Arctic scientist Emily Osborne said. New research looking into the Arctic’s past using ice cores, fossils, corals and shells as stand-ins for temperature measurements show that Arctic ocean temperatures are rising and sea-ice levels are falling at rates not seen in the 1,500 years. And those dramatic changes coincide with the large increase in carbon-dioxide levels in the air from the burning of oil, gas and coal, the report said.
This isn’t just a concern for the few people who live north of the Arctic Circle. Changes in the Arctic can alter fish supply. And more ice-free Arctic summers can lead to countries competing to exploit new areas for resources. Research also shows changes in Arctic sea ice and temperature can alter the jet stream, which is a major factor in US weather. This is probably partly responsible for the current unusual weather in the US that brought destructive wildfires to California and a sharp cold snap to the South and East, according to NOAA scientist James Overland and private meteorologist expert Judah Cohen.
“The Arctic has traditionally been the refrigerator to the planet, but the door of the refrigerator has been left open,” Mathis said.
Outside scientists praised the report card.
“Overall, the new data fit with the long-term trends, showing the clear evidence of warming causing major changes,” in the Arctic, Pennsylvania State University ice scientist Richard Alley said.
Image credits: AP/John McConnico
4 comments
Irrelevant disinformation.
A stunningly stupid response, and incorrect. I assume politically-motivated, which makes it all the sadder.
Do you even know what the AGU us? Are you aware these presentations are peer-reviewed? I thought not. At any rate, there goes the “disinformation” part. The “irrelevant” part? Did you not read the article, where it points out this affects every human on the planet?
What is wrong with people like you???
Well now, this is interesting. Peer reviewed data that deliberately excludes and self-censors the three most feared and dreaded words in your revered religion: Laurentide Ice Sheet. The absence of those three words eliminates the remote possibility that science is being or has been done. The Ica Age Never left. Deflect if you must, but real science is science, The Laurentide Ice Sheet is still there.
Is the Laurentide Ice Sheet expanding? Does your religion allow room for questioning as it happens in science?
All this religion without an Antarctic Continent as trivial as a Continent might seem to be in a mere casual passing mention on the topic of ice.
What is latent heat of fusion? Isn’t the recognition of one’s own ignorance the very essence of science?
20, 000 years later, The Barnes Ice Cap is still there, out in the open, fully exposed to the elements and for all to see it, just sitting on bedrock, untouched by scientists and scientific enquiry. All 6,000 square kilometers of it. “What happens in the Arctic doesn’t stay in the Arctic.” Behold! The Laurentide Ice Sheet! A nucleation site, a seed of continental ice just waiting to germinate like a cosmic crystal. Who will dare speak of this Elephant in the Arctic? Anyone? Anyone at all? Speak up, don’t be shy, it’s just science, not propaganda from New Orleans where the only thought about melting is the ice cubes in the iced tea. It’s hot in New Orleans so, it must be hot everywhere else, right. Awesome cheap parlor tricks by NOAA!
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Sea_Ice_off_Baffin_Island.jpg