THE number of new Ebola cases in three West African nations may jump to between 5,000 and 10,000 a week by December 1 as the deadly viral infection spreads, the World Health Organization (WHO) said.
The outbreak is still expanding geographically in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia and accelerating in capital cities, Bruce Aylward, the WHO’s assistant director general in charge of the Ebola response, said in a briefing with reporters in Geneva.
There have been about 1,000 new cases a week for the past three to four weeks and the virus is killing at least 70 percent of those it infects, he said.
The WHO’s statistics of 8,914 cases and 4,447 deaths indicate a fatality rate of about 50 percent. But those numbers include people who have only recently become infected. In looking at patients with a known clinical outcome, the fatality rate is 70 percent, he said. “This is a horrible, unforgiving disease,” he said. “You’ve got to get to zero” cases.
“Any sense that the great effort that’s been kicked off over the last couple of months is already starting to see an impact, that would be really, really premature,” Aylward said. “The virus is still moving geographically and still escalating in capitals, and that’s what concerns me.”
Ebola scourge
The WHO’s forecast shows the magnitude of the task facing governments and aid groups as they try to bring the worst-ever Ebola outbreak under control.
More than 8,900 people have been infected with Ebola in the three countries, with more than 4,400 deaths, the WHO said.
The effects of the epidemic have rippled outward in recent weeks, adding to concern that Ebola may spread in the US and Europe. The first two cases of Ebola being contracted outside Africa occurred, with health workers in Madrid and Dallas falling ill after caring for infected patients. The US and the United Kingdom began screening some airline passengers on arrival in the past few days.
Common plan
There’s no cure for Ebola, which jumps to humans from animals such as fruit bats and chimpanzees. The virus spreads from contact with bodily fluids such as blood, vomit and feces. Burial practices in West Africa, where mourners come in contact with corpses, have fueled the spread.
To bring the outbreak under control, there needs to be a common operational plan among all aid groups and governments, Aylward said.
That means having people in every county or district responsible for burials, finding infected people and tracing who they’ve been in contact with, and isolating those who are ill and managing their care, he said.
“Those pieces are not systematically in place,” he said.
By December 1, the WHO’s goal is for 70 percent of those who die from the disease to be buried safely and 70 percent of cases to properly managed, Aylward said.
If those goals are met, that should allow for the number of new cases to decline from week to week beginning in January, he said.
‘Bleak news’
The number of new cases is slowing in some areas, such as Lofa County, Liberia, and Kenema and Kailahun in Sierra Leone, he said.
Aylward, a Canadian epidemiologist, went to Sierra Leone and Guinea last week and on Wednesday to Accra, Ghana, where the United Nations has established an office to coordinate the response to the outbreak.
“There’s a lot of bleak news out there about this outbreak and there should be,” Aylward said. Still, “there are a lot of things that are positive,” he said.
In Leipzig, Germany, a UN aid worker died from Ebola infection, a spokesman at Saint Georg hospital said on Tuesday. The Sudanese man became infected in Liberia and was evacuated to Germany on October 9.
Ebola is pushing economies in the region to the breaking point and billions of dollars are needed to offset the economic damage wrought by the virus, Guinean President Alpha Conde said in an interview with Bloomberg Africa TV.
Makiko Kitamura / Bloomberg
